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Leonora Carrington
Leonora Carrington OBE (6 April 191725 May 2011) was an English-born Mexican artist, surrealist painter, and novelist. She lived most of her adult life in Mexico City, and was one of the last surviving participants in the Surrealist movement of the 1930s.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2011/06/carr-j22.html )〕 Leonora Carrington was also a founding member of the Women’s Liberation Movement in Mexico during the 1970s.
==Early life==
Carrington was born in Clayton Green, Chorley, Lancashire,〔〔See Carrington's "El Mundo Magico de Los Mayas".〕 England. Her father was a wealthy textile manufacturer,〔〔Robinson, Michael. ''Surrealism'' (Fulham: Star Fire, 2006), pg. 312.〕 and her mother, Maureen (née Moorhead), was Irish.〔(Leo Carrington & Sons website )〕 She had three brothers: Patrick, Gerald, and Arthur.〔
Educated by governesses, tutors, and nuns, she was expelled from two schools, including New Hall School, Chelmsford,〔(New Hall School website ); retrieved 27 May 2011〕 for her rebellious behaviour, until her family sent her to Florence, where she attended Mrs Penrose's Academy of Art. In 1927, at the age of ten, she saw her first Surrealist painting in a Left Bank gallery and later met many Surrealists, including Paul Éluard.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Carrington Leonara bio )〕 Her father opposed her career as an artist, but her mother encouraged her. She returned to England and was presented at Court, but according to her, she brought a copy of Aldous Huxley's ''Eyeless in Gaza'' (1936) to read instead. In 1935, she attended the Chelsea School of Art in London for one year, and with the help of her father's friend Serge Chermayeff, she was able to transfer to Ozenfant Academy in London (1935–38).〔
She became familiar with Surrealism from a copy of Herbert Read's book, ''Surrealism'' (1936), which was given to her by her mother,〔 but she received little encouragement from her family to forge an artistic career. The Surrealist poet and patron Edward James was the champion of her work in Britain; James bought many of her paintings and arranged a show in 1947 for her work at Pierre Matisse's Gallery in New York. Some works are still hanging at his former family home, currently West Dean College in West Dean, West Sussex.〔(Leonora and me ) (accessed online 4 April 2008)〕
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